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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Non-cleavable Linker
The primary targets of 20-(tert-Butoxy)-20-oxoicosanoic acid are the linker structures in ADC and PROTAC technologies. As a non-cleavable ADC linker, it connects the antibody to the cytotoxic payload, providing stability to the conjugate. In PROTAC applications, it links the E3 ubiquitin ligase ligand to the target protein ligand, facilitating the formation of a ternary complex that leads to targeted protein degradation. The compound does not directly bind to enzymes or receptors but serves as a structural component. |
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| ln Vitro |
ADC cytotoxins are connected to antibodies through an ADC connector to form ADCs [1]. Two distinct ligands, one for the E3 ubiquitin ligase and the other for the target protein, are present in PROTAC and are joined by a linker. PROTAC selectively degrades target proteins by means of the intracellular ubiquitin-proteasome system [2].
In vitro, this compound functions as a structural linker in ADC and PROTAC molecules. ADC cytotoxins are attached to antibodies through this linker to form stable ADCs. For PROTACs, two distinct ligands—one for the E3 ubiquitin ligase and the other for the target protein—are joined by the linker. The resulting PROTAC selectively degrades target proteins via the intracellular ubiquitin-proteasome system. The compound itself does not exhibit direct cellular activity but enables the bioactivity of the conjugated therapeutic agent. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo activity of 20-(tert-Butoxy)-20-oxoicosanoic acid is realized through the ADC or PROTAC constructs in which it is incorporated. As a non-cleavable linker, it provides stability to the ADC in circulation, ensuring the cytotoxic payload remains attached until target cell engagement. For PROTACs, the linker facilitates the formation of the ternary complex between target protein and E3 ligase, leading to ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. The in vivo efficacy depends on the specific antibody or targeting ligand used in the conjugate.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding assays for 20-(tert-Butoxy)-20-oxoicosanoic acid focus on evaluating the stability of the linker under physiological conditions. The compound is incubated in buffer solutions (e.g., PBS, pH 7.4) at 37°C for various time points. Samples are analyzed by HPLC or LC-MS to monitor the integrity of the linker and detect any degradation products. The non-cleavable nature is confirmed by the absence of significant degradation, indicating its suitability for stable conjugation in ADC applications. Solubility testing is performed in DMSO, H₂O, ethanol, and DMF to determine formulation conditions.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for this compound involve testing the complete ADC or PROTAC molecule rather than the linker alone. For ADC evaluation, cancer cell lines are treated with the ADC, and cell viability is assessed using CCK-8 or MTT assays after 72 hours. For PROTAC studies, target protein degradation is measured by Western blot analysis in treated cells. The linker itself does not directly affect cell viability but is essential for the function of the conjugated therapeutic molecule.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for 20-(tert-Butoxy)-20-oxoicosanoic acid are conducted using the final ADC or PROTAC construct. For ADC evaluation, tumor-bearing xenograft models receive the ADC via intravenous injection. Tumor volume and body weight are monitored over 2-4 weeks to assess efficacy and tolerability. For PROTAC evaluation, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters are measured, including target protein degradation in tissues. The linker contributes to the stability and PK profile of the conjugate.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The pharmacokinetic properties of 20-(tert-Butoxy)-20-oxoicosanoic acid are determined by the conjugate in which it is incorporated. The compound has a molecular weight of 398.62 and a molecular formula of C₂₄H₄₆O₄. It is stable as a powder at -20°C for 3 years. In solvent, it is stable at -80°C for 1 year. It is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in organic solvents but insoluble in water. For in vivo formulations, the linker is typically conjugated to larger molecules, which determines the overall PK profile.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity profile of 20-(tert-Butoxy)-20-oxoicosanoic acid is associated with the ADC or PROTAC molecules in which it is used. As a linker compound, it is considered to have low intrinsic toxicity. Standard toxicity studies for the final conjugate include assessment of body weight changes, clinical observations, hematological parameters, and histopathological examination of major organs in animal models. The linker itself does not exhibit significant cytotoxic effects in standard cell viability assays.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
20-(tert-Butoxy)-20-oxoicosanoic acid (CAS 683239-16-9) has a molecular formula of C₂₄H₄₆O₄ and a molecular weight of 398.62. The compound is a long-chain hydrophobic linker intermediate used in lipid-based and antibody-drug conjugation, promoting membrane interaction and payload transport. It is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in organic solvents but insoluble in water. It is intended for research use only and is not approved for clinical use. It is used in the synthesis of ADCs and PROTACs.
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| Molecular Formula |
C24H46O4
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
398.62
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| Exact Mass |
398.339
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| CAS # |
683239-16-9
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| PubChem CID |
59769800
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
0.9±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
496.0±18.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
152.4±14.7 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±2.7 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.463
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| LogP |
8.87
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
21
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| Heavy Atom Count |
28
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| Complexity |
385
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
JUCDAUSILDWYOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C24H46O4/c1-24(2,3)28-23(27)21-19-17-15-13-11-9-7-5-4-6-8-10-12-14-16-18-20-22(25)26/h4-21H2,1-3H3,(H,25,26)
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| Chemical Name |
20-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-20-oxoicosanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.5087 mL | 12.5433 mL | 25.0865 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5017 mL | 2.5087 mL | 5.0173 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2509 mL | 1.2543 mL | 2.5087 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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