| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 500mg | |||
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| Targets |
10,12-Tricosadiynoic acid targets acyl-CoA oxidase-1 (ACOX1), the first and rate-limiting enzyme in peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation. By inhibiting ACOX1, it modulates fatty acid metabolism. The compound also activates the SIRT1-AMPK pathway and PPARα, enhancing hepatic mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. It reduces liver lipids and improves mitochondrial lipid and ROS metabolism. The compound's diacetylenic structure also enables polymerization upon UV irradiation.
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| ln Vitro |
10,12-eicosadiynoic acid-CoA quickly and in a concentration- and time-dependent manner suppresses ACOX1 activity. Following a 5-minute interaction with 10 equivalents of 10,12-eicosadoyl-CoA, the use of free 10,12-eicosadoyl-CoA as the substrate in the form of CoA thioester was the sole way to reduce the activity of ACOX1 by over 95%. ACOX1 activity is inhibited when it is active. It is irreversible for 10,12-tricosacardioic acid-CoA to block ACOX1. 680 nm and 3.18 min 1 are the computed kinetic parameters, KI and kinact, respectively [1]. The precursor of 10,12-Tricosadiynoic Acid-CoA is 10,12-Tricosadiynoic Acid. Once within the cell, peroxisomal very long chain polyester-CoA synthase (VLACS) transforms it into 10,12-tricosadinoic acid. In vivo, ACOX1 is inhibited by carbomynoic acid-CoA[1]. The activation of long-chain foamy coenzyme A oxidase 1 (ACOX1) by 10,12-diosadiynoic acid (500 nM) protects against Sirt5 siRNA removal [2].
In vitro studies have demonstrated that 10,12-Tricosadiynoic acid is a highly specific, selective, and high-affinity inhibitor of ACOX1. It enhances hepatic mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation via the SIRT1-AMPK pathway and PPARα activation. The compound reduces liver lipids in vitro and improves mitochondrial lipid and ROS metabolism. It is also used as a functional monomer in polymer and materials chemistry, polymerizing upon UV irradiation. Further detailed in vitro characterization data are available. |
| ln Vivo |
10,12-Docosinoic acid (100 μg/kg; oral gavage; daily; 8 weeks; male Wistar rats) stimulates the SIRT1-AMPK (adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase) pathway and multiplies Food-activated receptor α elevates cardiac hypertrophic oxidation (FAO) and diminishes hydrogen peroxide accumulation aided by high-fat diet, consequently lowering insulin and triglyceride levels and hepatic fetal ROS content [1]. 10,12-Dietary codonomycin acid (0 mg/kg, 37.5 mg/kg, 75 mg/kg, and 150 mg/kg) had no effect on weight gain, but it dramatically decreased the amount of peroxisomes in the liver. β-Oxidoperoxisomes β-oxisomes show higher levels of blood lipids, peroxidation products, and alanine transferase activity, and they also significantly lower superoxide dismutation.
In vivo studies have shown that 10,12-Tricosadiynoic acid can treat high-fat diet- or obesity-induced metabolic diseases by improving mitochondrial lipid and ROS metabolism. It is orally active and has been studied at doses of 100 μg/kg. As an ACOX1 inhibitor, it enhances hepatic mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation via the SIRT1-AMPK pathway and PPARα activation, and reduces liver lipids. The compound shows potential for treating metabolic diseases. |
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding (non-cell) assays for 10,12-Tricosadiynoic acid typically involve ACOX1 inhibition studies using recombinant ACOX1 or peroxisomal fractions. The enzyme is incubated with increasing concentrations of the compound (0.01-100 μM) and a substrate (e.g., palmitoyl-CoA or other fatty acyl-CoAs) in assay buffer at 37°C. The oxidation of the substrate is measured by following the reduction of NAD+ to NADH spectrophotometrically at 340 nm, or by measuring hydrogen peroxide production. IC50 values are calculated from dose-response curves by nonlinear regression. The compound's effects on SIRT1, AMPK, and PPARα can be assessed using specific enzyme activity assays or reporter gene systems.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell-based assays, hepatocytes or other relevant cell lines are cultured in appropriate media. Cells are treated with 10,12-Tricosadiynoic acid at concentrations ranging from 0.1-100 μM for 24-72 hours. Fatty acid oxidation is measured by incubating cells with ³H-palmitate and measuring ³H₂O production. Mitochondrial function is assessed by measuring oxygen consumption rate (OCR) using a Seahorse analyzer. ROS levels are measured using DCFH-DA or MitoSOX. Lipid accumulation is assessed by Oil Red O staining or by measuring triglyceride content. SIRT1, AMPK, and PPARα activation is confirmed by Western blot for phosphorylated AMPK and expression of PPARα target genes by qRT-PCR.
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| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Male Wistar rats (210-230 g) High-fat diet feeding [1]
Doses: 100 μg/kg Route of Administration: po (oral gavage); leaf activity of enzymes and catalase [3]. Daily; Results for 8 consecutive weeks: High-fat diet-fed rats had diminished accumulation of hydrogen peroxide, thereby Dramatically reducing liver lipid and ROS content, reducing weight gain, and lowering serum triglyceride and insulin levels. In vivo animal studies with 10,12-Tricosadiynoic acid typically use mouse models of high-fat diet-induced obesity or metabolic syndrome. The compound is administered orally at doses such as 100 μg/kg. Body weight, food intake, and glucose tolerance are monitored. Blood samples are collected for measurement of lipids, glucose, and insulin. Liver and adipose tissues are harvested for histopathological examination, lipid content measurement, and analysis of fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial function. The compound's effects on improving mitochondrial lipid and ROS metabolism are assessed. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
10,12-Tricosadiynoic acid has a molecular weight of 346.55 g/mol and molecular formula C23H38O2. It is a long-chain diacetylenic fatty acid with a 23-carbon backbone and a terminal carboxylic acid group. Melting point: 57-61°C. The compound is a crystalline solid at room temperature and is soluble in organic solvents. It polymerizes upon UV irradiation. The compound is orally active. Storage recommendations: -20°C for long-term storage.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
In preclinical studies, 10,12-Tricosadiynoic acid has shown a favorable safety profile at pharmacological doses. As a fatty acid derivative, it is expected to be metabolized through normal fatty acid oxidation pathways. The compound's effects on improving mitochondrial lipid and ROS metabolism suggest potential benefits for metabolic health. Standard toxicology studies would be required for therapeutic development. The compound is intended for research purposes only and is not approved for human use.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
10,12-Ticosadiynoic acid is a long-chain fatty acid.
10,12-Tricosadiynoic acid (TCDA) is a long-chain diacetylenic fatty acid widely used as a functional monomer in polymer and materials chemistry. It has a molecular weight of 346.55 g/mol and molecular formula C23H38O2. The compound is a highly specific, selective, high-affinity, and orally active inhibitor of acyl-CoA oxidase-1 (ACOX1). It enhances hepatic mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation via the SIRT1-AMPK pathway and PPARα activation, and reduces liver lipids. It can treat high-fat diet- or obesity-induced metabolic diseases by improving mitochondrial lipid and ROS metabolism. 10,12-Tricosadiynoic acid is not FDA-approved and is intended for research use only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C₂₃H₃₈O₂
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| Molecular Weight |
346.55
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| Exact Mass |
346.287
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| CAS # |
66990-30-5
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| Related CAS # |
66990-31-6
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| PubChem CID |
538457
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
0.9±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
498.8±28.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
56-60 °C
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| Flash Point |
236.0±18.7 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±2.7 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.487
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| LogP |
9.17
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
17
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| Heavy Atom Count |
25
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| Complexity |
438
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
DIEDVCMBPCRJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C23H38O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20-21-22-23(24)25/h2-10,15-22H2,1H3,(H,24,25)
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| Chemical Name |
tricosa-10,12-diynoic acid
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| Synonyms |
10,12Tricosadiynoic acid; 10,12 Tricosadiynoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: (1). This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. (2). Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~288.56 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 5 mg/mL (14.43 mM) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with sonication.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 50.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: 5 mg/mL (14.43 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with ultrasonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 50.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 5 mg/mL (14.43 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.8856 mL | 14.4279 mL | 28.8559 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5771 mL | 2.8856 mL | 5.7712 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2886 mL | 1.4428 mL | 2.8856 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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