| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg | |||
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| Targets |
1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol targets protein kinase C (PKC) as a second messenger, activating PKC signaling pathways. Diacylglycerols (DAGs) are important lipid second messengers that regulate PKC and other signaling proteins. This compound is involved in lipid signaling, vesicle budding, and membrane fusion events. It is also a major diacylglycerol in hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 signaling. As an endogenous metabolite, it plays roles in various cellular processes including signal transduction and membrane dynamics.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol is used as a DAG analog to study PKC activation and lipid signaling. It activates PKC by binding to the C1 domain of the enzyme, promoting its translocation to membranes and subsequent phosphorylation of downstream targets. The compound is used in cell-free kinase assays and in cell-based studies of DAG-mediated signaling. It is also used to study membrane dynamics including vesicle budding and membrane fusion. These in vitro activities make it a valuable tool for studying lipid signaling pathways.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol is an endogenous metabolite that plays roles in lipid signaling and metabolism. As a major diacylglycerol in HIF-1 signaling, it may be involved in cellular responses to hypoxia. However, specific in vivo studies with exogenously administered compound are limited. The compound is primarily used as a research tool for studying DAG-mediated signaling pathways.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for PKC activation use 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol as a DAG activator. PKC is incubated with the compound, phosphatidylserine, calcium, and ATP, and kinase activity is measured by phosphorylation of a peptide substrate. The compound's ability to activate PKC is compared to other DAG species. These assays are used to study PKC regulation and lipid specificity.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell-based assays with 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol are conducted in various cell types to study DAG-mediated signaling. Cells are treated with the compound (typically at micromolar concentrations), and PKC activation is assessed by measuring translocation of PKC to membranes or phosphorylation of PKC substrates. Effects on cell proliferation, differentiation, and other DAG-regulated processes are evaluated. The compound can be delivered to cells using lipid-based carriers or by direct addition to culture media.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments with 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol are limited as it is an endogenous metabolite rather than a therapeutic agent. It may be studied in the context of lipid metabolism and signaling, but specific protocols are not extensively documented. The compound is primarily used as a research tool in vitro.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol as an exogenous compound have not been extensively characterized. As an endogenous lipid, it is metabolized through lipid metabolic pathways. The compound has molecular weight 594.95 and molecular formula C37H70O5. Solubility: DMSO 12.5 mg/mL (21.01 mM). Storage: appropriately.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
No comprehensive toxicology data are available for 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol as it is an endogenous metabolite and research reagent rather than a therapeutic agent. The compound is for research use only and is not for human use. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling the compound.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol is a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol, wherein the palmitoyl group is a 1-acyl group and the oleoyl group is a 2-acyl group. It is a mouse metabolite. It is both 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylglycerol. It is the enantiomer of 2-oleoyl-3-palmitoyl-sn-glycerol. DG(16:0/18:1(9Z)/0:0) is a metabolite found or produced in Escherichia coli (K12 strain, MG1655 strain). 1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol has been reported in Apis cerana, and relevant data are available. DG(16:0/18:1(9Z)/0:0) is a metabolite found or produced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol has CAS number 29541-66-0, molecular formula C37H70O5, and molecular weight 594.95. Synonyms: POG. It is a mixed-chain diacylglycerol (DAG) composed of palmitoyl at sn-1 and oleoyl at sn-2. It is an endogenous metabolite and a major diacylglycerol in HIF-1 signaling. It is widely used in research on lipid signaling, vesicle budding, and membrane fusion. Purity: ~99.6%. Not for human use; for research purposes only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C37H70O5
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
594.948712825775
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| Exact Mass |
594.522
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| CAS # |
29541-66-0
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| PubChem CID |
5282283
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| Appearance |
Colorless to light yellow ointment
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| LogP |
10.952
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
35
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| Heavy Atom Count |
42
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| Complexity |
603
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
C(O[C@@H](CO)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)CCCCCCC/C=C\CCCCCCCC
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| InChi Key |
YEJYLHKQOBOSCP-OZKTZCCCSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C37H70O5/c1-3-5-7-9-11-13-15-17-18-20-22-24-26-28-30-32-37(40)42-35(33-38)34-41-36(39)31-29-27-25-23-21-19-16-14-12-10-8-6-4-2/h17-18,35,38H,3-16,19-34H2,1-2H3/b18-17-/t35-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
[(2S)-1-hexadecanoyloxy-3-hydroxypropan-2-yl] (Z)-octadec-9-enoate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~12.5 mg/mL (~21.01 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (2.10 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 12.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (2.10 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 12.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.6808 mL | 8.4041 mL | 16.8081 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3362 mL | 1.6808 mL | 3.3616 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1681 mL | 0.8404 mL | 1.6808 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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