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| Targets |
(-)-Hydroxycitric acid lactone targets ATP-citrate lyase, a key enzyme in the lipogenesis pathway. By inhibiting this enzyme, it reduces the conversion of carbohydrates into fat, thereby supporting weight management and obesity treatment research. It is a popular weight loss food supplement.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, (-)-Hydroxycitric acid lactone is a potent inhibitor of ATP-citrate lyase. It is known for its role in inhibiting lipogenesis, the process by which carbohydrates are converted into fat. This activity makes it a valuable tool for studying energy metabolism and lipid biosynthesis pathways.
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| ln Vivo |
(-)-Hydroxycitrolactone (1000-3000 mg/kg; fed for 4 weeks) at 2000 and 3000 mg/kg significantly decreased the body weight of chickens [2].
In vivo, (-)-Hydroxycitric acid lactone is widely studied in metabolic and nutritional research, particularly for its potential in weight management and obesity treatment. It is a popular weight loss food supplement. Its unique mechanism of action makes it a valuable tool for advancing research in metabolic health and therapeutic development. |
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for (-)-Hydroxycitric acid lactone involve measuring its inhibition of ATP-citrate lyase activity. The enzyme is incubated with increasing concentrations of the compound, ATP, and citrate in assay buffer. The formation of oxaloacetate and acetyl-CoA is measured spectrophotometrically or by coupled enzyme assays. IC50 values are calculated from dose-response curves.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell-based assays, cells are cultured and treated with (-)-Hydroxycitric acid lactone at various concentrations. Its effects on lipid synthesis are assessed by measuring the incorporation of radiolabeled acetate or glucose into lipids. Cell viability is assessed by standard assays. The compound's effects on energy metabolism can be assessed by measuring ATP levels and oxygen consumption.
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| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: 1-day-old male broiler chicken [2]
Doses: 1000, 2000, 3000 mg/kg Route of Administration: Feed for 4 weeks Experimental Results: Body weight and average daily gain (ADG) at 2000 mg/kg and 3000 mg/kg Dramatically diminished. In vivo animal studies with (-)-Hydroxycitric acid lactone are conducted in models of obesity and metabolic disorders. The compound is administered orally in the diet or by gavage. Body weight, food intake, and metabolic parameters are measured. The compound's effects on lipid metabolism and weight management are assessed. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
(-)-Hydroxycitric acid lactone (CAS: 27750-13-6) has a molecular weight of 190.11 g/mol and a molecular formula of C6H6O7. Appearance: Powder. Purity: ≥95%. Synonyms: Garcinia lactone. The compound is a potent ATP-citrate lyase inhibitor and an anti-obesity agent.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
(-)-Hydroxycitric acid lactone is generally recognized as safe and is used as a dietary supplement. In preclinical studies, it has shown a favorable safety profile. As a metabolic intermediate, it is naturally present in the body. High doses may cause gastrointestinal effects. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling the compound.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
(+)-Garcinia acid is a buty-4-lactone and hydroxycarboxylic acid, and it is a metabolite. Hydroxycitric acid lactone has been reported in both Garcinia cowa and Garcinia gummi-gutta, and relevant data are available. See also: Garcinia gummi-gutta fruit (partial).
(-)-Hydroxycitric acid lactone (Garcinia lactone) is the cyclic form of hydroxycitric acid (HCA), a natural compound found in Garcinia cambogia. It is a potent inhibitor of ATP-citrate lyase and an anti-obesity agent. It has the CAS number 27750-13-6 and a molecular weight of 190.11 g/mol. It is not FDA-approved as a drug and is intended for research and supplement use. |
| Molecular Formula |
C6H6O7
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
190.10764
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| Exact Mass |
190.011
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| CAS # |
27750-13-6
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| PubChem CID |
9991606
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.976
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| LogP |
-1.2
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
7
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
13
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| Complexity |
283
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
2
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| SMILES |
C1C(=O)O[C@@H]([C@@]1(C(=O)O)O)C(=O)O
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| InChi Key |
PFHZIWAVXDSFTB-CVYQJGLWSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C6H6O7/c7-2-1-6(12,5(10)11)3(13-2)4(8)9/h3,12H,1H2,(H,8,9)(H,10,11)/t3-,6+/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-5-oxooxolane-2,3-dicarboxylic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~250 mg/mL (~1315.03 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (10.94 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (10.94 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (10.94 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.2601 mL | 26.3006 mL | 52.6011 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0520 mL | 5.2601 mL | 10.5202 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5260 mL | 2.6301 mL | 5.2601 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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