| Targets |
1,6-Hexanediamine does not have a specific biological target (enzyme or receptor) as it is not a drug; it is an industrial chemical. In research applications, it can react with carboxyl groups, activated esters, or aldehyde groups on proteins, polymers, or surfaces via its two primary amine groups, forming amide or imine bonds. It is used as a crosslinker or spacer in bioconjugation, nanoparticle functionalization, and hydrogel fabrication. It may also be used to modulate polyamine metabolism pathways non-specifically at high concentrations. No specific receptor binding has been characterized.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, 1,6-Hexanediamine is not used for pharmacological activity testing. It is used as a crosslinking reagent in biomaterial studies. For example, it can be used to crosslink carboxymethyl cellulose or alginate hydrogels by activating carboxyl groups with EDC/NHS and then reacting with the diamine. It can also be used to functionalize gold nanoparticles or magnetic beads with amine groups for subsequent conjugation. Cytotoxicity can be measured: IC50 in mammalian cells (e.g., HEK293, HeLa) is typically in the range of 1-10 mM after 24-48 h treatment (MTT assay). No specific enzyme inhibition or receptor activation is reported.
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| ln Vivo |
No in vivo activity as a drug. 1,6-Hexanediamine is not administered to animals for therapeutic efficacy. It may be used as a positive control or negative control in toxicology studies, or as a crosslinker in implantable hydrogels tested in vivo (e.g., for cartilage repair). In such studies, the compound is incorporated into a scaffold and released slowly. No systemic pharmacodynamic effects are intended. For research use only.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Not applicable. 1,6-Hexanediamine is not an enzyme inhibitor or receptor ligand. For chemical characterization, a non-cellular assay can be performed to quantify primary amine groups using the ninhydrin or TNBSA (2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid) assay. Dissolve 1,6-hexanediamine in 0.1 M sodium bicarbonate buffer pH 8.5 to 0.1-1 mM. Add TNBSA (0.01% final) and incubate at 37degC for 2 h. Measure absorbance at 420 nm. A standard curve with known concentrations allows quantification of free amines. No enzyme or receptor binding assays are relevant.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell viability assays, culture cells (e.g., HeLa, HEK293, or NIH3T3) in DMEM with 10% FBS at 37degC, 5% CO2. Seed 1×10⁴ cells/well in 96-well plates. After 24 h, treat with 1,6-hexanediamine at concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 mM (dissolved in PBS, pH 7.4). DMSO is not needed as the compound is water-soluble. Incubate for 24-48 h. Add MTT (0.5 mg/mL) for 4 h, solubilize in DMSO, read OD570. Calculate IC50. For crosslinking studies, treat polymers (e.g., alginate, carboxymethyl cellulose) with EDC (20 mM) and NHS (10 mM) to activate carboxyl groups, then add 1,6-hexanediamine (5-50 mM) to form crosslinked hydrogels. No functional cellular assays beyond cytotoxicity. All experiments include PBS vehicle control. Triplicate wells.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo biocompatibility studies, use male or female Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g, n=6/group). Implant a hydrogel crosslinked with 1,6-hexanediamine subcutaneously in the dorsal region. Alternatively, administer 1,6-hexanediamine itself (not typical) at low doses (e.g., 10-50 mg/kg) intraperitoneally to assess acute toxicity. Endpoints: body weight, clinical signs, organ weights, and histopathology (liver, kidney, spleen) at 7 and 14 days. However, the compound is not used for efficacy. For toxicokinetics, blood is collected at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 h after IP administration, and plasma concentrations measured by LC-MS/MS (derivatization with dansyl chloride). For research use only.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
1,6-Hexanediamine is water-soluble and has a molecular weight of 116.20. After oral administration in rats, it is rapidly absorbed and extensively metabolized via acetylation and deamination. The plasma half-life (t½) is short, approximately 30-60 minutes. Volume of distribution (Vd) is not well characterized but likely moderate (~0.5-1 L/kg). Clearance (CL) is primarily renal and metabolic. Oral bioavailability is moderate to high (30-70%). The compound is excreted in urine as metabolites (e.g., N-acetylhexanediamine). For storage, the compound should be kept in a tightly sealed container, away from light and moisture, at room temperature or 4degC. Solutions in water are stable for a few days at 4degC.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
1,6-Hexanediamine is classified as harmful if swallowed, causes skin irritation (H315), serious eye irritation (H319), and may cause respiratory irritation (H335). It is toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects (H411). LD50 oral in rats: 750-1,300 mg/kg. Acute exposure may cause gastrointestinal distress, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Repeated exposure may cause liver and kidney damage. Standard handling: wear appropriate PPE (gloves, lab coat, safety goggles), use in a fume hood, avoid dust formation. In case of skin contact, wash with soap and water; for eye contact, rinse with water for 15 minutes. For research use only-not for human use. Dispose of waste according to local hazardous waste regulations.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
CAS: 124-09-4. Molecular formula: C6H16N2, molecular weight: 116.20. IUPAC name: hexane-1,6-diamine. Other names: hexamethylenediamine, HMDA, 1,6-diaminohexane. Appearance: white to yellowish flakes or solid (melting point 42-45degC) or as a solution. Solubility: soluble in water (500 g/L at 20degC), ethanol, methanol. pKa1 = 10.6, pKa2 = 11.0. Uses: monomer for nylon 66, epoxy curing agent, crosslinker in bioconjugation. Storage: cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from acids and oxidizing agents. For research only. Not a drug.
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| Exact Mass |
116.131
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|---|---|
| CAS # |
124-09-4
|
| Related CAS # |
2088-79-1 (mono-hydrochloride)
; 6055-52-3 (di-hydrochloride)
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| PubChem CID |
16402
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| Appearance |
Colorless to off-white liquid
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| Melting Point |
108 °F (NTP, 1992)
; 42 °C
; 23-41 °C
; 108 °F
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
5
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
8
|
| Complexity |
31.5
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C6H16N2/c7-5-3-1-2-4-6-8/h1-8H2
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| Chemical Name |
hexane-1,6-diamine
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| Synonyms |
RT Advancure HD; V 1; α,ω-Hexanediamine; 1,6-Diamino-n-hexane; 1,6-Diaminohexane; 1,6-Hexylenediamine; 80HMD; Advancure; Dytek 70; HMDA; Hexamethylenediamine; Hexylenediamine; Hi Perm
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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