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Purity: ≥98%
Ramatroban is a novel, potent and selective antagonist of thromboxane A2 (TxA2) with an IC50 of 14 nM. It also inhibits PGD2 binding, which antagonizes CRTH2 (IC50=113 nM). In addition to treating asthma, ramatroban is recommended for the treatment of coronary artery disease.
| Targets |
hTP ( IC50 = 14 nM ); hDP2 ( IC50 = 113 nM ); hDP2 ( IC50 = 33.4 μM )
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| ln Vitro |
Ramatroban is a strong antagonist of the human thromboxane receptor (hTP), showing an IC50 of 18 nM in an assay for human TP binding. In a human DP2 binding assay, RAMATroban inhibits prostaglandin D2 receptor DP2 (CRTH2) with an IC50 of 113 nM. Additionally, human CYP isoform CYP2C9 is inhibited by RAMATroban, with an IC50 of 15 μM[1]. A specific antagonist of the thromboxane-type prostanoid (TP) receptor is called RAMATroban. It has been demonstrated that PGD2-stimulated human eosinophil migration is solely mediated by CRTH2 activation; remarkably, Ramatroban completely blocks these effects. Ramatroban is an antagonist for CRTH2, and through CRTH2 blockade, it prevents PGD2-induced eosinophil migration. 3H-labeled PGD2 has a strong affinity (KD=6.3 nM, Bmax=450 pM) for a single site on CRTH2 transfectants. With an EC50 value of 2.7 nM, nonlabeled PGD2 inhibits the binding of 3H-labeled PGD2 to CRTH2 transfectants in a concentration-dependent manner. Although with much lower potency (IC50=100 nM), metbatroban exhibits significant inhibitory effects on the binding of 3H-labeled PGD2 to CRTH2. With an IC50 value of 30 nM, ramatroban also blocks PGD2-induced Ca2+ mobilization in CRTH2 transfectants to a nearly identical degree. With an IC50 value of 170 nM, ramatroban completely inhibits the PGD2-induced migration of eosinophils in a concentration-dependent manner[2].
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| ln Vivo |
Ramatroban is a CRTH2 small molecule antagonist that is bioavailable when taken orally. The effects of systemic Ramatroban (30 mg/kg) administration in CRTH2+/+ mice are identical to those observed in CRTH2 deficiency. Ramatroban completely blocks LPS-induced decreases in social and object exploratory behavior (p<0.01). In addition, tumor-impaired social interaction and object exploratory behavior in CRTH2+/+ mice are completely reversed by a single injection of Ramatroban, even when the tumor is enlarged[3].
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| Enzyme Assay |
In binding buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, 40 mM MgCl2, 0.1% BSA, 0.1% NaN3), CRTH2 transfectants are resuspended. A 96-well U-bottomed polypropylene plate is then filled with a cell suspension (2 ×105 cells), 3H-labeled PGD2, and different concentrations of Ramatroban (0.1 nM, 1 nM, 10 nM, 100 nM, 1 μM, and 10 μM). The mixture is then incubated for 60 minutes at room temperature in a final volume of 100 μL. Following the incubation period, the cell suspension is moved to a filtration plate and subjected to three binding buffer washes. A scintillation counter is used to measure the amount of radioactivity that remains on the filter after scintillant has been added to the filtration plate. By allowing the cell suspension and 3H-labeled PGD2 to coexist with 1 μM unlabeled PGD2, nonspecific binding can be ascertained[2].
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| Cell Assay |
In migration buffer (20 mM HEPES, pH 7.6, 0.1% BSA, Hanks' solution), human eosinophils are purified and resuspended at a density of 6 ×106 cells/mL. The 96-well type chemotaxis chamber (pore diameter = 5 μm) has its upper chamber filled with 50 microliters of the cell suspension (3×105 cells/well), while the lower chamber receives 30 μL of ligand solution. A preincubation period of 10 minutes is allowed for the cells to be exposed to different concentrations of BWA868C or Ramatroban (0.1 nM, 1 nM, 10 nM, 100 nM, 1 μM, and 10 μM). The migration experiments take place for two hours at 37°C and 5% CO2 in a humidified incubator. There is a count of the cells that migrate into the lower chamber[2].
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| Animal Protocol |
Mice: CRTH2+/+ mice are intraperitoneally injected with five micrograms of either saline (open columns) or lipopolysaccharide (closed columns). 30 mg/kg of Ramatroban is given intraperitoneally to CRTH2+/+ mice for one hour as a pretreatment.
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| References |
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| Molecular Formula |
C21H21FN2O4S
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
416.4658
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| Exact Mass |
416.12
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 60.56; H, 5.08; F, 4.56; N, 6.73; O, 15.37; S, 7.70
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| CAS # |
116649-85-5
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| Related CAS # |
Ramatroban-d4
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| Appearance |
Solid powder
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| SMILES |
C1CC2=C(C[C@@H]1NS(=O)(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)C4=CC=CC=C4N2CCC(=O)O
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| InChi Key |
LDXDSHIEDAPSSA-OAHLLOKOSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C21H21FN2O4S/c22-14-5-8-16(9-6-14)29(27,28)23-15-7-10-20-18(13-15)17-3-1-2-4-19(17)24(20)12-11-21(25)26/h1-6,8-9,15,23H,7,10-13H2,(H,25,26)/t15-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
3-[(3R)-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonylamino]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocarbazol-9-yl]propanoic acid
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| Synonyms |
Ramatroban; Bay u 3406; Bay u-3405; BAY u3405; EN 137774
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 83~125 mg/mL (199.3~300.1 mM)
Ethanol: 83 mg/mL |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.99 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.99 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (4.99 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.4011 mL | 12.0057 mL | 24.0113 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4802 mL | 2.4011 mL | 4.8023 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2401 mL | 1.2006 mL | 2.4011 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | interventions | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
| NCT05706454 | Recruiting | Drug: Ramatroban Drug: Placebo |
COVID-19 Pneumonia COVID-19 Respiratory Infection |
KARE Biosciences | November 10, 2022 | Phase 2 Phase 3 |
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