Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
...DURATION OF ACTION IS LONGER /THAN PROGESTERONE/, BUT ITS ONSET OF ACTION IS SLOWER. SINGLE INJECTION OF SOLN OF HYDROXYPROGESTERONE CAPROATE IN OIL WILL EXERT PROGESTATIONAL EFFECTS FOR 1-2 WK. /CAPROATE/
ABOUT 50-60% OF ADMIN RADIOACTIVE PROGESTERONE APPEARS IN URINE & ABOUT 10% IN FECES. ... WHEN PROGESTERONE IS GIVEN FOR PROLONGED PERIOD, DURING LUTEAL PHASE OF CYCLE, OR DURING PREGNANCY, LARGER PROPORTION (25-30%) APPEARS IN URINE AS PREGUANEDIOL. /PROGESTERONE/
RATE OF TURNOVER OF ENDOGENOUS PROGESTERONE IS UNUSUALLY RAPID, T/2 IN BLOOD BEING FEW MIN, & DOUBTLESS EXOGENOUS MATERIAL IS HANDLED IN SAME WAY. SMALL AMT...IS STORED IN BODY FAT... PRESUMABLY, ABSORPTION FROM INTESTINAL TRACT IS PROMPT, BUT COMPD IS RAPIDLY TRANSFORMED DURING PASSAGE THROUGH LIVER... /PROGESTERONE/

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Metabolism / Metabolites
17alpha-hydroxy-progesterone has known human metabolites that include 17Beta-21-dihydroxyprogesterone.
17alpha-hydroxy-progesterone is a known human metabolite of progesterone.

17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone is a 17alpha-hydroxy steroid that is the 17alpha-hydroxy derivative of progesterone. It has a role as a metabolite, a progestin, a human metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a 17alpha-hydroxy steroid, a 17alpha-hydroxy-C21-steroid and a tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone. It is functionally related to a progesterone.
Hydroxyprogesterone is a Progestin.
Hydroxyprogesterone has been reported in Homo sapiens and Vitex agnus-castus with data available.
Hydroxyprogesterone is a physiological progestin that is produced during glucocorticoid and steroid hormone synthesis and is increased during the third trimester of pregnancy. Hydroxyprogesterone binds to the cytoplasmic progesterone receptors in the reproductive system and subsequently activates progesterone receptor mediated gene expression.
It serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydrocortisone and gonadal steroid hormones. It is derived from progesterone via 17-hydroxylase, a P450c17 enzyme, or from 17-hydroxypregnenolone via 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ5-4 isomerase. 17-Hydroxyprogesterone is a natural progestin and in pregnancy increases in the third trimester primarily due to fetal adrenal production. This hormone is primarily produced in the adrenal glands and to some degree in the gonads, specifically the corpus luteum of the ovary. Normal levels are 3-90 ng/dl in children, and in women, 15-70 ng/dl prior to ovulation, and 35-290 ng/dl during the luteal phase. Measurements of levels of 17-hydroxyprogesterone are useful in the evaluation of patients with suspected congenital adrenal hyperplasia as the typical enzymes that are defective, namely 21-hydroxylase and 11β-hydroxylase, lead to a build-up of 17OHP. In contrast, the rare patient with 17α-hydroxylase deficiency will have very low or undetectable levels of 17OHP. 17OHP levels can also be used to measure contribution of progestational activity of the corpus luteum during pregnancy as progesterone but not 17OHP is also contributed by the placenta.
A metabolite of PROGESTERONE with a hydroxyl group at the 17-alpha position. It serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of HYDROCORTISONE and GONADAL STEROID HORMONES.
See also: Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate (active moiety of); 17beta-Hydroxyprogesterone (annotation moved to).

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Mechanism of Action
ADMIN OF ESTROGEN & PROGESTIN, AS CONTAINED IN COMBINATION OR SEQUENTIAL PREPN, COULD INTERFERE WITH FERTILITY IN ANY ONE OF SEVERAL WAYS. HOWEVER, IT IS CLEAR THAT, AS CURRENTLY USED, MIXTURE INHIBITS OVULATION. ...CONTINUED ACTION OF PROGESTERONE SERVES TO INHIBIT RELEASE OF LH. /PROGESTINS/
IT ACTS AS ANTIGONADOTROPHIC AGENT ON ANTERIOR PITUITARY INHIBITING FSH RELEASE &, THUS, FOLLICULAR GROWTH, ESTROGEN PRODUCTION, & ESTRUS. IT ALSO INHIBITS LH RELEASE, THUS PREVENTING OVULATION, CORPORA LUTEA FORMATION, & FURTHER PROGESTERONE SECRETION. BY INHIBITING LH...HOLDS PROGESTERONE LEVELS IN CHECK.

C21H30O3

330.46

330.219

68-96-2

6238

White to off-white solid powder

1.2±0.1 g/cm3

482.9±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg

276°C

260.0±25.2 °C

0.0±2.8 mmHg at 25°C

1.560

2.89

1

3

1

24

635

6

O([H])[C@]1(C(C([H])([H])[H])=O)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C4=C([H])C(C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[C@]4(C([H])([H])[H])[C@@]3([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[C@@]21C([H])([H])[H])=O

DBPWSSGDRRHUNT-CEGNMAFCSA-N

InChI=1S/C21H30O3/c1-13(22)21(24)11-8-18-16-5-4-14-12-15(23)6-9-19(14,2)17(16)7-10-20(18,21)3/h12,16-18,24H,4-11H2,1-3H3/t16-,17+,18+,19+,20+,21+/m1/s1

(8R,9S,10R,13S,14S,17R)-17-Acetyl-17-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one

Hydroxyprogesterone 17A-Hydroxyprogesterone

2934.99.9001

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage.

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

DMSO : ~50 mg/mL (~151.30 mM)
H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.57 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.

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Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.57 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.

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 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)